#install xsos
yum install http://people.redhat.com/rsawhill/rpms/latest-rsawaroha-release.rpm
yum install xsos rsar
xsos --help
xsos
xsos -m
xsos -c
xsos -d
sudo xsos --ethtool
xsos --cpu --lspci --netdev
sudo xsos --bonding
xsos --ps
xsos --kdump
xsos --sysctl
xsos --cpu --intrupt
xsos --softirq
Ref:- access.redhat.com/discussions
Install Terraform from the Terraform Repository
sudo dnf install dnf-utils
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://rpm.releases.hashicorp.com/RHEL/hashicorp.repo
Adding repo from: https://rpm.releases.hashicorp.com/RHEL/hashicorp.repo
sudo dnf repolist
repo id repo name
appstream CentOS Stream 9 - AppStream
baseos CentOS Stream 9 - BaseOS
extras-common CentOS Stream 9 - Extras packages
hashicorp Hashicorp Stable - x86_64
sudo dnf install terraform -y
sudo dnf --showduplicate list terraform
terraform version
Terraform v1.4.4
on linux_amd64
Ref:- install-terraform-on-centos-stream-9-server
#find the file responsible for ssh
which ssh
/usr/bin/ssh
rpm -qf /usr/bin/ssh
#find the rpm file and search for the config file.
rpm -qa | grep ssh
rpm -ql openssh-server-8.7p1-28.el9.x86_64
#set the port number
sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
#Port 22
systemctl reload sshd
#if not working disable SELinux
sudo cat /var/log/secure
getenforce
setenforce 0
systemctl reload/start sshd
#deny user
sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
DenyUsers tom
#list files with size
du -sch * | sort
du -sch * | sort -rn
du -sch * | sort -rn | head
#check the open port on the server
nmap -A 8.8.8.8
#to print all files in dir except 1st and 2nd files:
ls -l | sed '1,3d'
#for deleting before 15 days file
find path_name -type f -mtime -15 -exec rm -rf {} +
#largest file in the directory
ls -lhS
ls -lhS | awk "NR==2"
#to delete blank lines of a file
sed -i '/^$/d' file_name
#find a file with particular permission
sudo find /home/devops/ -type f -perm 775
#to see the hard-linked files in different locations
find / -xdev -samefile /tmp/abc.txt
sudo find / -xdev -inum 17375669
#to see the hard-linked files in pwd
ls -li
find -type f -links +1
sudo find /home/devops/test/ -xdev -type f -links +1 -ls | sort -n
#7 fields in the password file
tail -n1 /etc/passwd
tom:x:1002:1003::/home/tom:/bin/bash
username:password hash:userid:groupid:info about user:home path: user shell
#reset tom user password, next login time
sudo chage -l tom
chage -d 0 tom
#change the shell of a user
tail -n1 /etc/passwd
tom:x:1002:1003::/home/tom:/sbin/nologin
sudo usermod -s /bin/bash tom
cat /etc/passwd | grep tom
tom:x:1002:1003::/home/tom:/bin/bash
#change the home directory for a user
cat /etc/passwd | grep tom
tom:x:1002:1003::/home/tom:/bin/bash
sudo mkdir --mode=700 /opt/tom
sudo chown tom:tom /opt/tom/
sudo usermod -d /opt/tom tom
cat /etc/passwd | grep tom
tom:x:1002:1003::/opt/tom:/bin/bash
#change the default home directory for the future user
sudo vim /etc/default/useradd
HOME=/opt
sudo useradd nik
cat /etc/passwd | grep nik
nik:x:1003:1004::/opt/nik:/bin/bash
blkid - It can determine the type of content (e.g., filesystem or swap) that a block device holds.
lsblk - list block devices
Prepare build environment
yum install rpm-build
mkdir -p ~/rpmbuild/{BUILD,RPMS,SOURCES,SPECS,SRPMS}
tree rpmbuild
rpmbuild
├── BUILD
├── RPMS
├── SOURCES
├── SPECS
└── SRPMS
5 directories, 0 files
echo '%_topdir %(echo $HOME)/rpmbuild' > ~/.rpmmacros
Pull down the source code
cd rpmbuild/SOURCES/
curl -LO https://github.com/open-iscsi/rtslib-fb/archive/refs/tags/v2.1.74.tar.gz
tar -xzvf v2.1.74.tar.gz
yum install python-rtslib
mv rtslib-fb-2.1.74/ python-rtslib-2.1.fb74/
rm -rf v2.1.74.tar.gz
tar -zcvf python-rtslib-2.1.fb74.tar.gz python-rtslib-2.1.fb74/
#edit setup.py
setup (
name = 'python-rtslib',
version = '2.1.fb74',
yum install python-setuptools
python setup.py bdist_rpm --packager="Jojan Paul <jpmolekunnel@gmail.com>" --spec-only
cp dist/python-rtslib.spec ../../SPECS/
cd ../../SPECS/
#edit file
vim python-rtslib.spec
%description
python-rtslib
Build RPM
cd ~/rpmbuild/
rpmbuild -ba SPECS/python-rtslib.spec
cd RPMS/noarch
ls
python-rtslib-2.1.fb74-1.noarch.rpm
#test
yum install python-rtslib-2.1.fb74-1.noarch.rpm
cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Stream release 9
RPM:- Package Manager and the package format used by many Linux distributions such as Fedora, RedHat, and CentOS to manage and distribute software in binary form.
rpmbuild directory is known as the root directory for the rpm build environment
tree rpmbuild
rpmbuild
├── BUILD
├── RPMS
├── SOURCES
├── SPECS
└── SRPMS
BUILD - directory, where the source code of the program want to package, is built
RPMS - where the rpm packages generated
SOURCES - have compressed source code of the software inthe form of a tarball or a zip file.
SPECS - have a .spec file with instructions to build the package
SRPMS - same as RPMS, but for source RPMS. these special packages contain the original source code of the application.
the spec file is where all instructions and information needed to build an rpm package are defined.
Build RPM: Example to build an RPM Create a local yum repo.
#as root
yum repolist
yum install -y rpmdevtools rpm-build
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo /tmp
yum repolist
ls -l /etc/yum.repos.d/
#su to user account (recommended)
rpmdev-setuptree
ls -l rpmbuild
tree rpmbuild
rpmbuild
├── BUILD
├── RPMS
├── SOURCES
├── SPECS
└── SRPMS
5 directories, 0 files
cd rpmbuild/SOURCES/
ls
mkdir -p localrepo-1/etc/yum.repos.d/
ls
localrepo-1
Mount RHEL 9 ISO File or DVD
sudo mkdir /var/repo
sudo mount -o loop rhel-baseos-9.0-x86_64-dvd.iso /var/repo/
sudo mount /dev/sr0 /var/repo/
vim localrepo-1/etc/yum.repos.d/RHEL9local.repo
[Local-BaseOS]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 - BaseOS
metadata_expire=-1
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
baseurl=file:///var/repo/BaseOS/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[Local-AppStream]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 - AppStream
metadata_expire=-1
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
baseurl=file:///var/repo/AppStream/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
tar -cvzf localrepo-1.tar.gz localrepo-1/
localrepo-1/
localrepo-1/etc/
localrepo-1/etc/yum.repos.d/
localrepo-1/etc/yum.repos.d/RHEL9local.repo
cd ../SPECS/
ls
#create spec file
rpmdev-newspec localrepo.spec
localrepo.spec created; type minimal, rpm version >= 4.16.
vim localrepo.spec
Name: localrepo
Version: 1
Release: 0
Summary: Local Repo For RHEL 9
Group: System Environment/Base
License: GPL
URL: https://www.linuxmissive.com/
Source0: localrepo-1.tar.gz
BuildArch: noarch
BuildRoot: %{_tmppath}/%{name}-buildroot
%description
Create a local yum repo file in /etc/yum.repos.d/ directory.
%prep
%setup -q
%install
mkdir -p "$RPM_BUILD_ROOT"
cp -R * "$RPM_BUILD_ROOT"
%clean
rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
%files
%defattr(-,root,root,-)
/etc/yum.repos.d/RHEL9local.repo
%changelog
* Wed Feb 15 2023 Jojan Paul <jpmolekunnel@gmail.com>
-
cd
#build now
rpmbuild -v -bb rpmbuild/SPECS/localrepo.spec
rpm -qpl rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch/localrepo-1-0.noarch.rpm
/etc/yum.repos.d/RHEL9local.repo
#install rpm as root
su -
rpm -ivh /home/devops/rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch/localrepo-1-0.noarch.rpm
rpm -qa | grep localrepo
localrepo-1-0.noarch
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
ls
centos-addons.repo RHEL9local.repo
#check yum repo working after installing rpm package
yum repolist
repo id repo name
Local-AppStream Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 - AppStream
Local-BaseOS Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 - BaseOS
extras-common CentOS Stream 9 - Extras packages
#test
yum install httpd
Chocolay - Machine-level command line package manager
#set execution policy for powershell
PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> Get-ExecutionPolicy -List
Scope ExecutionPolicy
----- ---------------
MachinePolicy Undefined
UserPolicy Undefined
Process Undefined
CurrentUser Undefined
LocalMachine Restricted
PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> Set-ExecutionPolicy AllSigned
Execution Policy Change
The execution policy helps protect you from scripts that you do not trust. Changing the execution policy might expose
you to the security risks described in the about_Execution_Policies help topic at
https:/go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=135170. Do you want to change the execution policy?
[Y] Yes [A] Yes to All [N] No [L] No to All [S] Suspend [?] Help (default is "N"): y
PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> Get-ExecutionPolicy -List
Scope ExecutionPolicy
----- ---------------
MachinePolicy Undefined
UserPolicy Undefined
Process Undefined
CurrentUser Undefined
LocalMachine AllSigned
Now run the following command:
Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force; [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor 3072; iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://community.chocolatey.org/install.ps1'))
choco --version
Ref:- chocolatey.org
